Key ingredients studied in clinical settings may be effective for Joint support. These ingredients are utilized in Osteo-Joint-Rx™ :

Glucosamine
Glucosamine is an amino sugar and a precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. Glucosamine is part of the structure of the polysaccharides chitosan and chitin, which compose the exoskeletons of crustaceans and other arthropods, as well as the cell walls of fungi and many higher organisms. Glucosamine is one of the most abundant monosaccharides and the body to produce a variety of other chemicals that are involved in building tendons, ligaments, cartilage, and the thick fluid that surrounds joints uses it.

Joints are cushioned by the fluid and cartilage that surround them. In some people with osteoarthritis, the cartilage breaks down and becomes thin. This results in more joint friction, pain, and stiffness. Researchers think that taking glucosamine supplements may either increase the cartilage and fluid surrounding joints or help prevent breakdown of these substances, or maybe both. Some people say that Glucosamine Sulfate is better than Glucosamine HCl but in reality their belief is hinged predominantly on the fact that Glucosamine Sulfate is more widely studied. However, in a clinical study with the objective to evaluate the results of glucosamine hydrochloride in the treatment of knee degenerative osteoarthritis (DOA) Glucosamine HCl effectiveness was confirmed. All 60 patients finished treatment, various clinical symptoms for DOA disappeared completely in 31 cases and subsided in 27 cases; the cure rate was 51.7% and the total response rate was 96.7%. Glucosamine hydrochloride can absolutely help knee DOA with symptom-relieving and joint function-improving action.
[Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Jan;22(1):29-31. [Therapeutic results of glucosamine hydrochloride for knee degenerative osteoarthritis]. Gang X1, Gao L.]

Chondroitin Sulfate
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study, statistically significant improvements were seen in those with moderate-to-severe knee OsteoArthritis (OA) with the combination therapy of glucosamine HCl and chondroitin sulfate. These results confirm that oral chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate is an effective and safe symptomatic slow-acting supplement that is effective for people suffering from various joint complications. In addition, Chondroitin Sulfate might be able to stabilize the joint space width and to modulate bone and joint metabolism. This is the first preliminary demonstration that a SYSADOA might influence the natural course of OA in humans. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9743819
[Leffler CT, Philippi AF, Leffler SG, et al. Glucosamine, chondroitin, and manganese ascorbate for degenerative joint disease of the knee or low back: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Mil Med. 1999;164:85–91. ]

Manganese
Manganese has been found to work symbiotically in conjunction with Glucosamine HCl and Chondroitin Sulfate for joint support and therefore is included in the Nature’s Essentials Osteo Joint-Rx™formula. The combination product of glucosamine HCl, chondroitin sulfate, and manganese ascorbate was compared with placebo in two earlier RCTs and improvement in pain and function were seen in those with mild-to-moderate OA.
[Das A, Jr, Hammad TA. Efficacy of a combination of FCHG49 glucosamine hydrochloride, TRH122 low molecular weight sodium chondroitin sulfate and manganese ascorbate in the management of knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2000;8:343–50. ]

MSM (methylsulfonylmethane)
MSM also known as methylsulfonylmethane is a chemical found in plants, animals, and humans. MSM is often used by people looking for a supplement to support chronic pain, osteoarthritis, joint inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, bursitis, tendonitis, tenosynovitis, musculoskeletal pain, muscle cramps, scleroderma, scar tissue, stretch marks, hair loss, wrinkles, protection against sun/wind burn, eye inflammation, oral hygiene, periodontal disease, wounds, cuts, and abrasions/accelerated wound healing.
Other uses of MSM include eye inflammation, mucous membrane inflammation, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) problems, leg cramps, migraine, headaches, hangover, parasitic infections of the intestinal and urogenital tracts including Trichomonas vaginalis and Giardia, yeast infection, insect bites, radiation poisioning, and to boost the immune system.
Contrary to some MSM promotional literature, there is no Recommended Dietary Allowanec (RDA) for MSM or sulfur, which it contains. Sulfur deficienty has not been described in the medical literature. In one study, MSM improved symptoms of pain and physical function during the short intervention without any major adverse events.
[Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2006 Mar;14(3):286-94. Epub 2005 Nov 23. “Efficacy of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) in osteoarthritis pain of the knee: a pilot clinical trial.” Kim LS1, Axelrod LJ, Howard P, Buratovich N, Waters RF.]

Nexrutine
Nexrutine is an herbal extract more specifically named huang bai and is made from the bark of the Chinese phellodendron amurense tree. Nexrutine’s action resembles that of the newest class of inflammation-fighting drugs, the COX-2 inhibitors, such as Celebrex®, and Bextra®. These blockbuster prescription drugs have been extensively researched in human trials and are proven effective at reducing inflammation by interfering with the activity of COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2).
One study was conducted on ingredient Nexrutine for use in treating muscle and joint pain in 2004. The researchers found that 72% of the 53 study participants who used the supplement at three doses of 250mg per day for two weeks reported it was effective at reducing muscle and joint pain from physical activity. There were no significant reported side effects. Unlike COX-2 inhibitor drugs that target the COX-2 enzyme after it has been produced, Nexrutine suppresses the activity of the gene responsible for COX-2 production. The claims are that it does this without affecting protective COX-1 and acts more rapidly than other COX-2 inhibitors as they do not shut down much of the body’s COX-2 production as Nexrutine does.
http://emediahealth.com/2010/12/29/nexrutine-an-anti-inflammatory-supplemen…

Turmeric Extract / Curcumin
Tumeric is a spice that comes from the root Curcuma longa, a member of the ginger family, Zingaberaceae. In Ayurveda (Indian traditional medicine), tumeric has been used for its medicinal properties for various indications. The most important chemical components of turmeric are a group of compounds called curcuminoids, which include curcumin (diferuloylmethane), demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. The best-studied compound is curcumin, which constitutes 3.14% (on average) of powdered turmeric. A large number of studies on curcumin have been conducted. These included studies on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antifungal properties of curcuminoids. Studies on the toxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin have included in vitro, animal, and human studies. These human studies have found some evidence of anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin. The laboratory studies have identified a number of different molecules involved in inflammation that are inhibited by curcumin including phospholipase, lipooxygenase, cyclooxygenase 2, leukotrienes, thromboxane, prostaglandins, nitric oxide, collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interferon-inducible protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and interleukin-12 (IL-12). Curcumin, while having very low bioavailability on its own without the Cyclosome™ delivery provided by Nature’s Essentials, has been demonstrated to be safe in six human trials and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity even without incorporating the cutting edge Cyclosome™ delivery. It is believed that it may exert its anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of a number of different molecules that play a role in inflammation.
[J Altern Complement Med. 2003 Feb;9(1):161-8. “Safety and anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin: a component of tumeric (Curcuma longa).” Chainani-Wu N1.]

Piperine
The plants piper longum and piper nigrum both contain the alkaloid piperine. It is mentioned all the way back to the 5th and 6th century for both spices in cooking and alternative medicine. The pungency of piperine is caused by activation of the heat- and acidity-sensing TRPV ion channel TRPV1 on nociceptors (pain-sensing nerve cells). The full mechanism of piperine’s bioavailability-enhancing abilities is not yet fully known. But it has been found to inhibit human CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, enzymes important for the metabolism and transport of xenobiotics and metabolites. In animal studies, piperine also inhibited other CYP 450 enzymes important for drug metabolism. By inhibiting certain enzyme metabolism, piperine remarkably increases the effectiveness of certain compounds by increasing their bioavailability. Notably, piperine enhances the bioavailability of curcumin by 2000% in humans (which is a 20-fold increase, as 100% is just normal absorption), due to inhibition of glucuronidation by the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in the liver and small intestine. This key supporting ingredient combined with the Cyclosome™ delivery makes the Curcumin off the charts effective on a level never before seen in the health and wellness industry.
[Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2009; 41(1): 40–59. Published online 2008 Jul 9. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.06.010. “Potential Therapeutic Effects of Curcumin, the Anti-inflammatory Agent, Against Neurodegenerative, Cardiovascular, Pulmonary, Metabolic, Autoimmune and Neoplastic Diseases”; Bharat B. Aggarwal1 and Kuzhuvelil B. Harikumar.]

SAMe
Nature’s Essentials SAM-e (s-adenosylmethionine) is unique as it is developed with scientifically advanced Liposomal Delivery Technology in order to provide a more bioavailable and more effective supplement. Since most SAM-e is susceptible to degradation we protect it with our lipid-based Liposomal Technology which preserves our high quality SAM-e from harsh stomach acids using natural phospholipids to protect the active ingredients. SAM-e is a naturally occurring molecule in our bodies that is clinically studied to promote positive mood and joint health. It is literally made in our bodies, but SAM-e levels can run low due to various factors such as diet and aging..†
A randomized double-blind cross-over study, comparing SAMe with celecoxib (Celebrex) for 16 weeks to reduce pain associated with OA of the knee. Sixty-one adults diagnosed with OA of the knee were enrolled and 56 completed the study. Subjects were tested for pain, functional health, mood status, isometric joint function tests, and side effects. Isometric joint function tests appeared to be steadily improving over the entire study period regardless of treatment. SAMe has a slower onset of action but according to the study is as effective as celecoxib in the management of symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. (same results as prescription arthritis pain med)
[BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2004 Feb 26;5:6. “S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe) versus celecoxib for the treatment of osteoarthritis symptoms: a double-blind cross-over trial.” [ISRCTN36233495]. Najm WI1, Reinsch S, Hoehler F, Tobis JS, Harvey PW]

Boswelia Extract
Boswellia serrata is a plant that produces Indian frankincense. In Ayurvedic medicine Indian frankincense has been used for hundreds of years for the attempted treatment of ailments with symptoms similar to arthritis. Extracts of Boswellia serrata have been clinically studied for osteoarthritis and joint function, particularly for osteoarthritis of the knee, with the research showing a slight improvement of both pain and function compared to a placebo. [ Cameron, M; Chrubasik, S (May 22, 2014). “Oral herbal therapies for treating osteoarthritis”. Cochrane Summaries. Retrieved June 6, 2014.]
Positive effects of Boswellia in some ailments involving inflammation have been reported anecdotally as well as documented and some preliminary studies show Boswellia serrata as a promising natural alternative option to NSAIDs, warranting further investigation in pharmacological studies and clinical trials. [Abdel-Tawab M, Werz O, Schubert-Zsilavecz M.,”Boswellia serrata: an overall assessment of in vitro, preclinical, pharmacokinetic and clinical data.” Clin Pharmacokinet. 2011 Jun 1;50(6):349-69]
The way it works, Boswellia serrata plant extract inhibits the 5-LOX inflammatory pathway, which impacts the methodology of inflammation in the body. Therapeutic value of its gum (guggulu) has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and analgesic activity through a randomized double-blind placebo controlled crossover study was conducted to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Boswellia serrata Extract (BSE) in 30 patients of osteoarthritis of the knee. All patients receiving Boswelia supplementation treatment reported decrease in knee pain, increased knee flexion and increased walking distance and the frequency of swelling in the knee joint was decreased. The observed differences between drug treated and placebo being statistically significant are clinically relevant. BSE was well tolerated by the subjects except for minor gastrointestinal ADRs. BSE is recommended in the patients of osteoarthritis of the knee with possible therapeutic use in other arthritis. [Phytomedicine. 2003 Jan;10(1):3-7. “Efficacy and tolerability of Boswellia serrata extract in treatment of osteoarthritis of knee–a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. Kimmatkar N1, Thawani V, Hingorani L, Khiyani R.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12622457 ]
Open, randomized, controlled clinical trial of Boswellia serrata extract as compared to valdecoxib in osteoarthritis of knee. Indian Journal of Pharmacology. 2007; 39(1) 27-29

Citrus Sinesis (peel)
Citrus sinensis (peel) mixed with Phellodendron amurense bark (described above) and given in a dose of two capsules twice daily NP 06-1 has been shown in a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind pilot clinical study to offer several potential health benefits in normal and overweight subjects with osteoarthritis of the knee. These potential benefits include improvement of knee joint pain/flexibility as measured by the LAI scores and a reduction in inflammation as measured using CRP levels. had beneficial effects on symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee as measured using LAI scores and had anti-inflammatory effects as measured using CRP. Administration of NP 06-1 was also associated with weight loss, which may have been a contributing factor to the other benefits.
[Nutr J. 2009; 8: 38. Published online 2009 Aug 14. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-8-38; “Phellodendron and Citrus extracts benefit joint health in osteoarthritis patients: a pilot, double-blind, placebo-controlled study” Julius Oben, Ebangha Enonchong, Shil Kothari, Walter Chambliss, Robert Garrison, and Deanne Dolnick.]

Nettle (or Urtica dioica)
Several years ago, German researchers discovered that a traditional European herbal remedy for rheumatism, nettle leaf extract, inhibits TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta. [Obertreis B, et al. Ex-vivo in-vitro inhibition of lipopolysaccharide stimulated tumor necrosis fact- or-alpha and interleukin-1 beta secretion in human whole blood by extractum urticae dioicae foliorum. Arzneimittelforschung. 1996 Apr;46(4):389-94.]
Nettle “may inhibit the inflammatory cascade in autoimmune diseases and rheumatoid arthritis,” concluded a team of researchers. [ Klingelhoefer S, et al. Antirheumatic effect of IDS 23, a stinging nettle leaf extract, on in vitro expression of T helper cytokines. J Rheumatol. 1999; 26(12):2517-2522.]
It is interesting to note that the prescription drug Enbrel®, approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, acts by suppressing TNF-alpha. One of the ways nettle leaf extract blocks proinflammatory signaling is by inhibiting the genetic transcription factor that activates TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta in synovial tissue. [ Riehemann K, et al. Plant extracts from stinging nettle (Urtica dioica), an antirheumatic remedy, inhibit the proinflammatory transcription factor NF-kappaB. FEBS Lett 1999;442(1):89-94.]
This proinflammatory transcription factor, known as nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kb), is elevated in chronic inflammatory diseases and is essential to activation of TNF-alpha. Nettle is thought to work by preventing degradation of the natural inhibitor of NF-kb in the body. TNF-alpha also activates NF-kb in synovial cells, leading to the suggestion that a cycle of cross-activation between TNF-alpha and NF-kb may sustain and amplify the disease process in rheumatoid arthritis. [ Jue DM, et al. Nuclear factor kappaB (NF- kappaB) pathway as a therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis. J Korean Med Sci. 1999 Jun;14(3):231-8.]

A recent laboratory experiment revealed one of the mechanisms by which nettle leaf extract protects joints. Inflammatory joint diseases are characterized by breakdown of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which surrounds and supports cells. In arthritis, TNF-alpha and especially IL-1 beta stimulate enzymes known as matrix metalloproteinases (MMP’s) that break down the extracellular matrix. The experiment measured MMP levels of chondrocytes (joint cells) exposed to IL-1 beta. Nettle leaf extract was found to significantly inhibit all the matrix metalloproteinases tested (MMP-1, -3 and -9). [ Schulze-Tanzil G, et al. Effects of the antirheumatic remedy hox alpha–a new stinging nettle leaf extract–on matrix metalloproteinases in human chondrocytes in vitro. Histol Histopathol. 2002 Apr; 17(2):477-85.]
Another study conducted on 40 patients suffering from acute arthritis compared the effects of 200 mg of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac with 50 mg of the NSAID in combination with 50 g of stewed nettle leaf per day. [ Chrubasik S, et al. Evidence for antirheumatic effectiveness of herba urticae dioicae in acute arthritis: a pilot study. Phytomedicine.1997; 4:105-108.]

Total joint scores improved significantly in both groups by approximately 70%. The nettle leaf extract clearly enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect of the NSAID. The addition of nettle extract made possible a 75% dose reduction of the NSAID, while still retaining the same anti-inflammatory effect with reduced side effects.

Nettle leaf extract thus makes the ideal complement to COX-2 inhibitors, by virtue of its ability to counteract their negative effects. The herbal COX-2 inhibitor Nexrutine® is derived from the bark of the phellodendron tree, which folk healers use to treat arthritis and other ailments. Prescription COX-2 inhibitors intervene in the inflammation cascade by blocking the action of the COX-2 enzyme. But Nexrutine® inhibits the gene expression of COX-2, preventing its manufacture in the first place. This difference in mechanism of action may account for the rapidity of Nexrutine®’s inflammation-quenching action. According to reports from subjects who used Nexrutine® for two weeks, 79% agreed that Nexrutine® helped relieve or avoid the general aches and pains associated with overexertion and physical activity. No side effects were reported at recommended dosages. [Dennis and Company Research. Nexrutine© human trial report. Next Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2002; 13.]

To help you get the most for your money and truly obtain the benefits you’re seeking from Osteo-Joint-Rx ™, Nature’s Essentials™ uses Cyclosome™ liposomal delivery technology designed to protect poorly absorbed active ingredients such as Turmeric Extract Curcumin, and S-adenosylmethioneine (SAM-e) from harsh stomach acids and continue to preserve the active ingredient as it goes through the body resulting in a higher absorption and bioavailability. † This one-of-a-kind technology involves the entrapment of the active ingredients in liposomes which has been investigated as a new strategy to get active ingredients past the stomach and liver and straight to the cellular level. You can think of all this in terms of a ‘Trojan Horse,’ passing through the harsh acids in the stomach and then through the liver unharmed and intact. As opposed to being destroyed in the stomach and liver like other products on the market, past and present. This new liposomal delivery technology allows the ‘Trojan Horse’ to deliver the Turmeric Extract Curcumin, and S-adenosylmethioneine (SAM-e) to the systemic circulation by the intestinal lymphatic route, circumventing first-pass inactivation in the liver for the very first time in the wellness industry. Almost all previous oral capsules and tablets manufactured to deliver natural active ingredients are involved in some sort of damage from the “first pass affect” which often even renders active compounds virtually useless.
Therefore, don’t wait any longer…your joints will thank you for supplementing with Nature’s Essentials™ premium Osteo-Joint-Rx ™ with Liposomal delivery technology. †
As always we pride ourselves on the best quality products and value our customers. Each of our ingredients are hand selected for quality assurance, then each product is carefully manufactured under the highest standards for product quality, purity and potency. †

† These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.